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< Basics of Cutting (4) >, we will introduce "metal materials" among the main types of workpiece materials.
"Metal materials" can be roughly divided into "iron and steel" and "non-ferrous metals".
"Non-ferrous metals" include aluminum alloys and copper.
"Steel" is a general term for metal materials with iron as the main component.
If you look at the combination of letters, you can see "steel": "iron" and "steel = hagane".
"Hagane" is an "alloy" made by combining various elements with "iron = Fe".
The typical components that make up steel are called the "five elements".
C: Carbon is an element that increases hardness and strength.
Si: Silicon An element that increases hardness and strength (about 1/10 of C).
Mg: Manganese An element that improves hardenability.
P: Phosphorus has the property of brittle with harmful elements (cold brittleness).
S: Sulfur has the property of brittle with harmful elements (hot brittleness).
Other: Additives to make steel stronger.
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